Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of death globally, and one of the most common underlying causes is atherosclerosis—a condition marked by the buildup of fatty substances, cholesterol, and plaque inside the arteries. This seemingly invisible process gradually narrows the arteries, restricting blood flow and increasing the risk of heart attacks and strokes.
What is Atherosclerosis?
Atherosclerosis is a slow, progressive disease that often begins in childhood and advances silently over decades. It occurs when fats, cholesterol, and other substances build up on the artery walls, forming plaque. This plaque can harden and narrow the arteries, or even rupture and cause a blood clot.
As shown in the visual, a healthy artery allows smooth blood flow. However, in an artery affected by atherosclerosis, fatty plaque significantly reduces this flow—putting the heart and brain at serious risk.
One of the major dietary culprits in the development of atherosclerosis is trans fats. These harmful fats are often found in:
• Processed snacks
• Margarine and shortening
• Fried foods
• Baked goods made with hydrogenated oils
Trans fats not only raise levels of “bad” LDL cholesterol but also lower “good” HDL cholesterol. This imbalance accelerates plaque buildup in the arteries, increasing the risk of cardiovascular complications.
Why It Matters
According to global health data, cardiovascular diseases claim millions of lives each year—many of which are preventable. By understanding the root causes, such as trans fats and poor diet, we can take steps toward healthier lifestyles and stronger hearts.
What You Can Do
To reduce your risk of atherosclerosis and heart disease:
• Avoid foods high in trans fats and saturated fats.
• Eat more fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins.
• Exercise regularly.
• Don’t smoke.
• Monitor blood pressure, cholesterol, and glucose levels.
Final Thoughts
The battle against cardiovascular diseases starts with awareness. By recognizing the dangers of atherosclerosis and the role of trans fats in promoting it, we can take meaningful steps to protect our health. Let’s commit to making heart-healthy choices—because prevention is always better than cure.
